What is the primary function of topical corticosteroids?

Topical corticosteroids are primarily used for their anti-inflammatory and antiallergic properties. These medications work by suppressing the immune response and reducing inflammation in various tissues, including those in the eye. This is crucial in treating conditions such as allergic conjunctivitis, uveitis, and other inflammatory ocular conditions.

By decreasing inflammation, topical corticosteroids help alleviate symptoms such as redness, swelling, and discomfort. They achieve this by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators like cytokines and prostaglandins, which play a key role in the inflammatory response. Additionally, they help in managing allergic reactions by reducing the response of the immune system to allergens.

While other options may have their specific uses—such as antimicrobial agents targeting infections, astringents used for their constricting effect, and ocular lubricants providing moisture—these functions do not encompass the primary role of corticosteroids, which is centered on managing inflammation and allergic reactions in the ocular region.