What condition is indicated by deviations in the Amsler grid test results?

The Amsler grid test primarily evaluates the central visual field, specifically focusing on the function of the macula, which is responsible for high-acuity vision. Deviations noted in the Amsler grid test, such as distortion, missing areas, or blurred spots, typically indicate issues directly related to the macula.

Macular degeneration, a progressive eye condition affecting the macula, leads to gradual vision loss and is often identified through irregularities observed in the Amsler grid. Patients with this condition might describe straight lines appearing wavy or distorted, or they may notice gaps in their central vision when looking at the grid.

The other conditions presented do not produce the specific changes observed in the Amsler grid. Retinal detachment could impact peripheral vision and does not typically result in the grid's characteristic deviations. Astigmatism primarily affects the shape of vision due to irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, resulting in blurred vision, but does not manifest in the way macular degeneration does on the Amsler grid. Although hypertension can have effects on the retina, particularly within the blood vessels, its influence is not directly assessed through the Amsler grid's testing method.

Therefore, deviations in the Amsler grid