Primary open-angle glaucoma primarily damages which part of the eye?

Primary open-angle glaucoma primarily damages the optic nerve. This condition is characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure that gradually affects the optic nerve fibers. Damage to the optic nerve is significant because it leads to the progressive loss of peripheral vision, and if left untreated, it can eventually result in complete vision loss.

In the context of this condition, the optic nerve can become compromised as the elevated pressure disrupts its function and can lead to atrophy of the nerve fibers. This is critical in understanding how glaucoma affects vision and the importance of regular eye examinations to monitor the health of the optic nerve, especially in individuals at risk for glaucoma. Preventative measures and treatments aim to lower intraocular pressure in order to preserve the health of the optic nerve and maintain visual function.

Other anatomical structures, such as the cornea, pupil, and retina, do have their own associated disorders, but they are not primarily affected by primary open-angle glaucoma in the same way that the optic nerve is.