How do miotics function to reduce intraocular pressure?

Miotics are medications that promote the constriction of the pupil (miosis) and the contraction of the ciliary body muscle. These actions are crucial in the management of intraocular pressure (IOP), particularly in conditions like glaucoma.

When miotics contract the ciliary body muscle, it causes the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to open, which facilitates drainage of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork. This process enhances the outflow of fluid from the eye, thereby reducing intraocular pressure effectively.

In addition, while miotics do constrict the pupil, the primary mechanism that directly influences the reduction of IOP is related to the contraction of the ciliary muscle. This action not only helps in opening the drainage pathways but also alters the tension in the eye that can otherwise impede normal fluid outflow.

Other options do not accurately reflect how miotics work. For instance, increasing aqueous humor production would lead to an increase in IOP, and relaxing the ciliary muscle would alter its ability to facilitate drainage, potentially increasing pressure. Thus, the correct answer underscores the significance of ciliary body muscle contraction in lowering intraocular pressure through enhanced drainage.